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This Week in Chemistry: March 10 - March 16
March 10, 2008 at 01:36 AM
Analtech, Inc. is proud to provide this public service feature - This Week in Chemistry - a recap of major breakthroughs in chemistry as well as the commemoration of key individuals birthdates.
Analtech thanks Dr. Leopold May of The Catholic University of America forproviding this information - you can visit his web site by clicking here.
March 10
b. 1762 Jeremias B. Richter discovered the law of equivalent proportions; first to establish stoichiometry, the basis of quantitative chemical analysis. b. 1851 William McMurtie, researcher on methods for converting sewage to fertilizer, American Chemical Society president.
March 11
b. 1818 Henri E. Sainte-Claire Deville, first to prepare pure aluminum; discovered toluene, 1841; anhydrous nitrogen pentoxide, 1849.
o Cato M. Guldberg & Peter Waage presented their paper "Studier over Affiniteten" describing the Law of Mass Action to the Norwegian Academy of Sciences & Letters, 1864.
March 12
b. 1790 John F. Daniell invented the Daniell electrochemical cell, dew-point hygrometer, and pyrometer.
b. 1824 Gustav R. Kirchhoff invented spectroscope with Robert Bunsen, 1859; discovered cesium (Cs, 55) 1860, & rubidium (Rb, 37) 1861, with Robert Bunsen; discovered that substances which emit radiation absorb the same type of radiation when cool (Kirchhoff's Law).
b. 1832 Charles Friedel, researcher on the synthesis of benzene homologues (Friedel-Crafts reaction).
b. 1838 William H. Perkin discovered mauve, first aniline dye in his home laboratory, 1856; Perkin reaction for condensation of unsaturated aromatic acids; synthesized tartaric acid, 1861, with B. P. Duppa, & coumarin; elucidated relationship between tartaric, funaric & maleic acids.
b. 1891 Michael Polanyi, researcher on reaction kinetics & crystal structures.
b. 1902 Leslie G. S. Brooker, researcher in the chemistry of photography.
o James D. Watson, in a letter to Max Delbrück, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Cal., revealed the double helix structure for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), 1953.
March 13
b. 1733 Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen (O, 8) 1774, ammonia, hydrochloric acid gas, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide & oxides of nitrogen; Priestley Medal, named in his honor is one of ACS highest honors.
March 14
b.1854 Paul Ehrlich, researcher in immunity & chemotherapy; discovered Salvarsan (No. 606) & neosalvarsan; improved laboratory staining methods; Nobel Prize in Medicine (1908) with Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov in recognition of their work on immunity.
b. 1860 Thomas L. Willson developed the electrothermal furnace; pioneer manufacturer of calcium carbide.
b. 1879 Albert Einstein, researcher on photochemical effect & theory of relativity; Nobel Prize Physics (1921) for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.
b. 1931 Ronald C. D. Breslow, demonstrated antiaromaticity; invented artificial enzymes and electrochemical methods for carbon cation; President of the ACS.
o Observation of first atom of element of hassium (Hs, 108) at GSI Laboratory, Darmstadt, 1984.
March 15
b. 1821 Johann Joseph Loschmidt, developer of the Loschmidt Number, the number of molecules in a cubic centimeter of gas and space-filling formulas of numerous organic compounds.
March 16
b. 1666 Johann Conrad Barchusen, chemical lecturer at Utrecht University; analysis using fire; interpreted alchemical transmutation as metallic substitution reactions.
b. 1834 Hermann W. Vogel invented the orthochromatic photographic plate, 1873; designed a photometer; researcher in spectroscopic photography.
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