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This Week in Chemistry: March 24 - March 30
March 24, 2008 at 01:36 AM
Analtech, Inc. is proud to provide this public service feature - This Week in Chemistry - a recap of major breakthroughs in chemistry as well as the commemoration of key individuals birthdates.
Analtech thanks Dr. Leopold May of The Catholic University of America forproviding this information - you can visit his web site by clicking here.
March 24
b. 1494 Georgius Agricola, "Father of Minerology"; described mining and mellurgical processes.
b. 1711 William Brownrigg, first to describe platinum & use of pneumatic trough for collection of gases.
b. 1860 William Frear, researcher on beet sugar, cereals, culture of tobacco, soils, fertilizers; helped organize the first National Pure Food Congress.
b. 1903 Adolf F. J. Butenandt, researcher on sex hormones; offered Nobel Prize (1939), for his work on sex hormones; declined on account of Nazi decree against foreign awards.
b. 1884 Peter Joseph William Debye, researcher in dipole moments and powder method of x-ray diffraction; Nobel Prize (1936) for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases.
b. 1917 John Kendrew, research on structure of hemoproteins with x-rays; Nobel Prize (1962) with Max Ferdinand Perutz for their studies of the structures of globular proteins
March 25
b. 1863 Simon Flexner, isolated common strain of dysentery bacillus, Shigella dysenteriae (1899); developed curative serum for cerebrospinal meningitis (1907).
March 26
b. 1753 Count Rumford (Benjamin Thompson) invented simple photometer; researcher in heat; demonstrated first law of thermodynamics; improved cooking & heating systems & animal breeding; married Antoine Lavoisier's widow.
b. 1838 A. Crum Brown devised modern structural formulae, 1864; formulated rules for substitution in benzene derivatives named after him; researcher in theory of isomerism & organic compounds of sulfur.
b. 1893 James B. Conant, researcher on acid-base catalysis and superacids; President of Harvard University
b. 1903 Ferdinand G. Brickwedde codiscovered deuterium, 1932, with Harold C. Urey & G. M. Murphy.
b. 1911 Bernard Katz, Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology (1970) with J. Axelrod and U. Von Euler for discoveries concerning humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation.
b. 1916 Christian Anfinsen, received the Nobel prize (1972) with Standford Moore and William Moore, for studies on the relationship of structural properties of proteins and biological functions, particularly ribonuclease.
March 27
b. 1824 Johann W. Hittorf, researcher in electrolysis of salt solutions, transport numbers, ion migrations, & electrical discharges in gases.
b. 1845 Wilhelm K. Röntgen discovered X-rays, 1895; Nobel Prize in Physics (1901) in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him; researcher in specific heats & heat conduction in crystals.
b. 1847 Otto Wallach, researcher on essential oils & terpenes; Nobel Prize (1910) in recognition of his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds. 1847-1931
b. 1861 Nikolai Y. Demjanov, researcher on decomposition of aliphatic diazonium ions, Demjanov-Tiffeneau rearrangement.
March 28
b. 1861 George C. Pond, chemistry teacher; preserver of the Priestley home in Pennsylvania.
o Glenn T. Seaborg, et al., showed that plutonium 239 undergoes fission by slow neutrons, leading to the plutonium bomb as a goal for the Manhattan Project, 1941.
March 29
b. 1769 Frederick C. Accum helped found the gas industry.
b. 1855 Konrad J. Bredt described first correct structure of camphor; Bredt's Rule for bicyclics.
b. 1871 Aleksi E. Chichibabin, researcher in nucleophilic alkylation and amination of pyridine.
b. 1883 Donald D. Van Slyke, pioneer in clinical chemistry.
b. 1898 Herrick L. Johnston, researcher on low temperature.
March 30
b. 1920 Daniel E. Koshland, Jr., catalytic activity of enzymes, Editor, Science,
o Crawford W. Long first used ether as anesthetic, 1842.
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