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This Week in Chemistry
February 04, 2008 at 02:36 PM
Analtech, Inc. is proud to provide a new public service feature - This Week in Chemistry - a recap of major breakthroughs in chemistry as well as the commemoration of key individuals birthdates.
Analtech thanks Dr. Leopold May of The Catholic University of America forproviding this information - you can visit his web site by clicking here.
Feb. 4:
b. 1896 Friedrich Hermann Hund, Hund's rules for electron configurations, the first of which predicts maximum multiplicity of spin; molecular-orbital theory (Hund- Mulliken approach).
Feb. 5:
b. 1840 John Boyd Dunlop developed pneumatic rubber tires.
b. 1872 Lafayette Benedict Mendel; discoveries concerning the value of vitamins and proteins helped establish modern concepts of nutrition; with Thomas Osborne, fat-soluble vitamin A, (co-discoverer, Elmer McCollum) and B complex vitamins.
b. 1914 Alan L. Hodgkin shared Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1963) with J. C. Eccles and A. F. Huxley for ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane.
Feb. 6:
b. 1860 Nikolai D. Zelinsky, researcher on catalysis of disproportionation reactions of hydrocarbons & bromination of fatty acids (Heil-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction).
b. 1892 William P. Murphy, researcher on diabetes & diseases of the blood, especially pernicious anemia; Nobel Prize in Medicine (1934) with George R. Minot & George H. Whipple for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia.
Feb. 7:
b. 1834 Dimitri I. Mendeleev discovered Periodic Law (Table) at same time as Lothar Meyer, who published later.
b. 1850 John B. F. Herreshoff developed method for manufacturing sulfuric acid.
b. 1905 Ulf von Euler, Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology with J. Axelrod and B. Katz for discoveries concerning humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation.
- John A. R. Newlands published his first paper on his law of octaves showing that in order of increasing atomic weights, properties repeated with every 8th element, 1864.
Feb. 8:
b. 1777 Bernard Courtois discovered iodine (I, 53) in the liquor from the lixiviation of kelp in 1811.
b. 1795 Friedlieb F. Runge discovered carbolic acid (phenol) & aniline, 1834, in coal tar; investigated dry distillation & composition of matter.
b. 1848 Francis R. Japp, researcher on benzil, benzoin, & phenanthraquinone.
b. 1866 Moses Gomberg, researcher on triphenylmethyl (first stable free radical) & tautomerism.
Feb 9:
b. 1871 Edward C. C. Baly showed sugar & other organic compounds formed from water, carbon dioxide, & ammonia under the influence of light.
b. 1918 Lloyd N. Ferguson, chemical educator; author.
- Californium (Cf, 98) discovered by ion exchange chromatography at the University of California, Berkeley, 1950.
Feb. 10:
b. 1840 Per Teodor Cleve, discovered holmium and thulium (1879). concluded that didymium was two elements later named neodymium and praseodymium (1874); Lecoq de Boisbaudran found dysprosium in it (1886).
b. 1846 Ira Remsen, founder of American Chemical Journal; researcher in organic chemistry; cosynthesizer of saccharin.
b. 1897 John F. Enders proved poliovirus not neurotropic; Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1954) with T. H. Weller & F. C. Robbins, for their discovery that poliovirus can grow in various types of tissue.
- Birth of the polaragraph, 1922.
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